The rare drop table (or RDT) is a special list of items. When slain, some monsters have a chance to give loot from the rare drop table instead of loot from their own unique drop table. This chance usually ranges from 1/16 to 1/64.[1] Unlike the standard drop table, the rare drop table is shared by many monsters ranging from chaos druids, lesser demons, through most Slayer monsters and the Kalphite queen.
A ring of wealth affects how the rare drop table works. It removes most of the "empty" slots on the rare drop table. Therefore, the odds of receiving items is increased. A ring of wealth does not affect how often the rare drop table is accessed. So, when wearing a ring of wealth, the rare drop table will not be triggered more often, but when it is triggered, the player is more likely to receive an item.
At current prices, the expected value of a drop from the rare drop table (assuming no ring of wealth) is approximately 8,331.57 coins.
Definitions
- 100% drop - Most creatures have what is called a '100% drop', which they will drop every time they are defeated (for example, bones or ashes).
- Main drop - This will be an item drawn from a creature's drop table based upon a random 'roll' (imagine a dice roll or roulette wheel).
- Drop table - This is a list of all items that a creature could possibly drop. The percentage chance of receiving each item varies, often depending upon the item's relative value.
- Rare drop table - Occasionally, a creature can give access to a drop table of more valuable items. To receive items from this drop table, you must first "roll" to land on it from the main drop table.
- Second drop - Some creatures also have a second drop. Second drops in the game include the draconic visage from various dragons, boss pets and hard clue scrolls/elite clue scrolls.
- Quest drops - in some instances, a creature will drop a quest-specific item (e.g. the unique bones required for the Rag and Bone Man quest).
Items on the rare drop table
The RDT contains a main table, with 128 slots.[1] This table has two sub-tables, the Gem Table, and the Mega-Rare Table.[1] The Gem Table has a weight of 20/128, which contains mostly gems but also half keys, rune javelins, chaos talismans, and nature talismans.[1] The Mega-Rare Table has a weight of 15/128, and contains mostly empty drops (which are "dropped" in the form of 10 coins), but also rune spear, dragon spear, and shield left half.[1] Wearing a ring of wealth will remove the empty slots from the Mega-Rare Table.[2]
Runes and ammunition - drops for members only
Item Quantity Rarity GE market price 
Law rune 45 Rare (2/128) 7,470 
Death rune 45 Rare (2/128) 9,135 
Nature rune 67 Rare (3/128) 14,539
Steel arrow 150 Rare (2/128) 4,800
Rune arrow 42 Rare (2/128) 2,940
Resources - drops for members only (4 basic gems for F2P)
Item Quantity Rarity GE market price
Uncut sapphire 1 Common [1] 455
Uncut emerald 1 Uncommon [1] 679
Uncut ruby 1 Uncommon [1] 1,249
Uncut diamond 1 Rare [1] 2,627
Dragonstone 1 Rare (1/64) 11,932
Runite bar 1 Uncommon (5/128) 12,368
Silver ore 100 (noted) Rare (1/64) 7,000
Miscellaneous - drops for members only
Item Quantity Rarity GE market price
Coins 3,000 Common (22/128) Not sold
Chaos talisman 1 Common [1] 505
Nature talisman 1 Uncommon [1] 744
Loop half of key 1 Common (~20/128)[2] 10,307
Tooth half of key 1 Common (~19/128)[2] 10,840
Armour and equipment - drops for members only
Item Quantity Rarity GE market price
Adamant javelin 20 Rare (2/128) 1,220
Rune javelin 5 Uncommon [1] 875
Rune 2h sword 1 Rare (3/128) 37,758
Rune battleaxe 1 Rare (3/128) 24,487
Rune sq shield 1 Rare (2/128) 22,459
Rune kiteshield 1 Rare (1/128) 32,015
Dragon med helm 1 Rare (1/128) 58,488
Rune spear 1 Rare (~1/137)[2](~6.23%)[3] 11,933
Shield left half 1 Very rare (~1/273)[2](~3.14%)[3] 65,697
Dragon spear 1 Very rare (~1/364)[2](~2.36%)[3] 37,226
All drop probabilities taken from http://forum.runescape.com/forums.ws?317,318,288,65354165 (archive)